摘要：入門項目創(chuàng)建和創(chuàng)建準備環(huán)境項目創(chuàng)建創(chuàng)建進入項目路徑創(chuàng)建路由文件項目結(jié)構(gòu)如下項目注冊在此處注冊項目路由注冊注冊的此時，一個完整的流程就好了修改的路由寫一個視圖函數(shù)函數(shù)視圖的定義

準備環(huán)境

python3 
virtualenv
pip3
pip3 install django==1.1

項目創(chuàng)建,APP創(chuàng)建

django-admin startproject ops
cd ops
python3 manage.py startapp darshboard
cd darshboard #進入項目路徑
touch urls.py #創(chuàng)建路由文件

項目結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

ops/
|-- darshboard
| |-- admin.py
| |-- apps.py
| |-- __init__.py
| |-- migrations
| |-- models.py
| |-- tests.py
| |-- urls.py
| `-- views.py
|-- db.sqlite3
|-- manage.py
`-- ops
    |-- __init__.py
    |-- settings.py
    |-- urls.py
    `-- wsgi.py

項目注冊

# vim ops/ops/settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "darshboard.apps.DarshboardConfig" #在此處注冊darshboard項目
]

路由注冊

# vim ops/ops/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^admin/", admin.site.urls),
    url(r"^darshboard/",include("darshboard.urls")), #注冊app的urls
]

此時，一個完整的流程就好了

# vim ops/darshboard/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from .views import index

urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^hello/", index,name="index"),
]

函數(shù)視圖的定義：
a. 就是一個普通函數(shù)
b. 接收一個HttpRequest實例作為第一個參數(shù)
c. 然后返回一個HttpResponse的實例

# vim ops/darshboard/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("hello world")

啟動項目

python manage.py runserver 0:8080

訪問：

打開本地瀏覽器輸入：

http://211.159.156.251:8080/darshboard/hello/

即可訪問！

由Django創(chuàng)建

屬性如下：

HttpRequest.scheme
HttpRequest.body
HttpRequest.path
HttpRequest.method
HttpRequest.encoding
HttpRequest.GET
HttpRequest.POST
HttpRequest.META

方法如下：

HttpRequest.get_host()
HttpRequest.get_port()
HttpRequest.get_full_path()
HttpRequest.is_secure()
HttpRequest.is_ajax()

傳遞一個字符串作為頁面的內(nèi)容到HttpResponse構(gòu)造函數(shù)

from django.http import HttpResponse
response = HttpResponse("here is the web page")
response = HttpResponse("Text only .please,content_type="text/plain")

參考的views如下

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
import json
def index(request):
    data = {
        "name":"wanghui",
        "age":20
    }
    data_1 = ["devops","python"]
    #return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data),content_type="application/json")   #返回的content-typet
    #return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data_1),content_type="application/json")
    return JsonResponse(data_1,safe=False)
    # return HttpResponse("Hello World!!",status=599)

為了讓數(shù)據(jù)更加美觀。

GET請求與傳參

- method
- GET

POST提交數(shù)據(jù)

方法練習

#  python manage.py shell
>>> from django.http import QueryDict
>>> data = QueryDict("a=12&a=123&b=233")
>>> data.urlencode()
"a=12&a=123&b=233"

官方給出的數(shù)據(jù)庫連接設(shè)置

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

數(shù)據(jù)庫同步相關(guān)命令

python manage.py showmigrations
python manage.py sqlmigrate sessions 0001
python manage.py dbshell   # 進入shell模式

django-shell創(chuàng)建用戶

# 方式一：
(venv3) [wanghui@www ops]$ python manage.py shell
Python 3.6.1 (default, Jun 22 2018, 18:25:52) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User
>>> User.objects.create_user("rock","12272@qq.com","123456")   #創(chuàng)建普通用戶
>>> u = User.objects.get(username="rock")     #查找用戶
>>> u.set_password("654321")       #修改密碼
>>> u.save()                                   #保存
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 方式二：
(venv3) [wanghui@www ops]$ python manage.py createsupperuser

重點在于對函數(shù)視圖的練習

darshboard/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse,QueryDict
from django.template import loader,Context,Template
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth import login,authenticate

def user_login(request):
    # print(request.GET)
    # 獲取提交過來的用戶名&密碼
    if request.method == "GET":     #get請求的話，就直接返回頁面
        return render(request, "user_login.html")
    elif request.method == "POST":  #post就要獲取用戶名和密碼
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        password = request.POST.get("password")
    # 根據(jù)用戶名取出這個記錄是否存在
        user_obj = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
        if user_obj:
            login(request,user_obj)
            print("登陸成功!")
        else:
            print("登陸失敗！")
    elif request.method == "DELETE":      # 通過delete方法獲取請求體
        data = QueryDict(request.body)    # 獲取delete的請求體
        print(data)
    return HttpResponse("")

darshboard/urls.py #指定路由

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from .views import index,index_template,index_methods,user_login
urlpatterns = [
    url(r"^user_login",user_login)
]

darshboard/user_login.html

    
   
        
用戶名：
        
密碼：
        

    

關(guān)于delete方法的請求方式

在linux本地機器上執(zhí)行：
curl -XDELETE http://127.0.0.1:8080/darshboard/user_login/ -d username=rock -d password=654321